About this Unit
Air Development Squadron Six (VXE-6), known as the "Puckered Penguins," was a United States Navy aviation unit established in 1955. Its primary mission was to provide air support for Operation Deep Freeze, the U.S. military’s logistical support of Antarctic research and exploration. VXE-6 operated a variety of aircraft, including ski-equipped LC-130 Hercules and helicopters, enabling transport of personnel, supplies, and scientists to remote Antarctic stations. The squadron played a crucial role in the success of Antarctic exploration until its deactivation in 1999, after which its mission was transferred to civilian contractors.
Historical Facts
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Origins and Mission: VXE-6, also known as Air Development Squadron Six, was a United States Navy aviation unit established in 1955 specifically to support Operation Deep Freeze, the U.S. missions in Antarctica.
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Nickname: The squadron was famously known as the "Puckered Penguins" due to their hazardous flying conditions in the Antarctic region.
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First Aircraft: VXE-6 initially operated R4D (Navy version of the DC-3) "Skytrains," transitioning later to LC-130 Hercules, UH-1N Iroquois helicopters, and other specialized aircraft equipped with skis.
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Historic First Landing: In 1956, VXE-6 executed the first aircraft landing at the South Pole (Amundsen-Scott Station) using a ski-equipped R4D, marking a milestone in polar aviation.
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Aircraft Modifications: Their LC-130 Hercules planes were uniquely modified with both wheels and retractable skis, allowing them to land on both ice and snow surfaces.
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Rescue Operations: VXE-6 conducted daring rescue missions, including the famous 1961 medical evacuation of a gravely ill Soviet scientist from the South Pole—a rare example of Cold War cooperation.
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Record-Setting Flights: Squadron aircraft set multiple records for southernmost flights, including aerial deliveries to remote locations and aerial mapping missions covering previously unexplored Antarctic terrain.
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Tragic Losses: The squadron’s operations were not without peril; several aircraft were lost in accidents due to treacherous weather, whiteouts, and extreme cold, resulting in the loss of brave crew members.
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Science Support: VXE-6 played a crucial role in transporting scientists, supplies, and equipment, enabling groundbreaking research and discoveries in Antarctic science for over 40 years.
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Decommissioning: After 44 years of dedicated polar service, VXE-6 was officially disestablished in 1999, with its mission transferred to the Air National Guard’s 109th Airlift Wing, ending a remarkable era in military aviation history.
