About this Unit
Air Development Squadron Six (VX-6), also known as "Antarctic Development Squadron Six," was a United States Navy aviation unit established in 1955. Its primary mission was to support Operation Deep Freeze, providing air logistics, reconnaissance, and research assistance for American Antarctic expeditions. VX-6 operated a variety of aircraft, including ski-equipped R4D Dakotas, LC-130 Hercules, and UH-1N helicopters, enabling year-round operations in extreme polar conditions. The squadron played a crucial role in advancing scientific research and maintaining U.S. presence in Antarctica until its deactivation in 1999, when its mission was transferred to VXE-6.
Historical Facts
• Nickname "Puckered Penguins": VX-6 was famously known as the "Puckered Penguins," reflecting their Antarctic operations and the challenges they faced in harsh polar conditions.
• Support of Operation Deep Freeze: Established in 1955, VX-6 played a vital role in Operation Deep Freeze, the U.S. mission to support Antarctic exploration and scientific research during the International Geophysical Year and beyond.
• First Aircraft Landing at South Pole: A VX-6 R4D "Que Sera Sera" made history in October 1956 by becoming the first aircraft to land at the geographic South Pole, piloted by LCDR Conrad S. Shinn.
• Multiple Aircraft Types: The squadron operated a variety of aircraft, including the Douglas R4D (Navy C-47), Lockheed LC-130 Hercules, P2V Neptunes, and helicopters such as the Sikorsky HUS-1A.
• Penguin Logo: The unit's patch and logo featured a cartoon penguin, often shown flying or wearing aviator goggles, symbolizing their unique mission.
• Cold Weather Innovations: VX-6 contributed to cold weather aviation advancements, including the development of ski-equipped aircraft and unique survival gear for extreme environments.
• High Casualty Rate: The squadron endured dangerous flying conditions, resulting in several aircraft losses and fatalities, including the tragic crash of a P2V Neptune in 1958 near Wilkes Station.
• Logistics Lifeline: VX-6 was the lifeline for U.S. Antarctic bases, delivering personnel, supplies, and mail, and conducting medical evacuations under extreme conditions.
• Renamed VXE-6: In 1969, VX-6 was redesignated as Antarctic Development Squadron Six (VXE-6), continuing its mission until disestablishment in 1999.
• Legacy in Modern Science: The squadron's efforts established a foundation for year-round scientific research in Antarctica, supporting everything from geology to atmospheric science, and their pioneering spirit continues to inspire polar operations today.
