About this Unit
The 56th Field Artillery was constituted during World War I as part of the U.S. Army’s rapid expansion to meet wartime needs. Activated in 1918, the unit provided artillery support for various infantry operations, though it saw limited combat before the Armistice. Reactivated and reorganized during World War II, the 56th Field Artillery participated in key campaigns in the European Theater, offering critical fire support during major offensives. Over the decades, the unit has continued to serve with distinction, adapting to new technologies and missions as part of the U.S. Army’s evolving artillery forces.
Historical Facts
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Origins in World War I: The 56th Field Artillery was originally constituted in 1917 as part of the National Army for service during World War I, reflecting the rapid expansion of U.S. armed forces during the conflict.
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World War II Service: The unit was reactivated and served with distinction during World War II, participating in major campaigns in Europe, including the Battle of the Bulge.
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Nike Missile Era: The 56th Field Artillery Group (later Brigade) was a key component of the U.S. Army's Nike Hercules missile defense during the Cold War, operating nuclear-capable missiles in West Germany to deter Soviet aggression.
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Pershing Missile Custodians: In the late 1960s, the brigade transitioned to become the first operational Pershing missile unit, controlling some of the most advanced nuclear ballistic missiles of the era.
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INF Treaty and Deactivation: The 56th Field Artillery Command played a central role in the historic elimination of U.S. Pershing missiles under the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, leading to its deactivation in 1991.
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Famous Location – Schwäbisch Gmünd: The headquarters for the 56th Field Artillery Brigade/Command was located in Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany, symbolizing the close U.S.–German military partnership during the Cold War.
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Distinctive Unit Insignia: The unit’s insignia features a red field with a gold cannon barrel and missile, representing both its artillery origins and its missile mission.
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Nickname – “The Guardians”: The soldiers of the 56th Field Artillery Command were often known as “The Guardians” for their pivotal role in NATO’s nuclear deterrence.
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Multi-National Operations: Throughout its history, the 56th collaborated closely with allied forces, particularly during NATO exercises such as REFORGER and WINTER SHIELD.
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Legacy and Reunions: Even after deactivation, veterans of the 56th Field Artillery Command maintain a strong sense of camaraderie, with associations and reunions keeping the unit’s history alive.
