About this Unit
The 55th Weather Squadron was originally activated during World War II to provide essential weather forecasting and atmospheric support for United States Army Air Forces operations. Over the decades, the unit evolved, supporting a variety of missions, including reconnaissance and strategic operations during the Cold War. The squadron played a critical role in ensuring flight safety and mission success by delivering timely meteorological data to commanders and aircrews. Although the unit has undergone inactivations and reactivations, its legacy endures as a key contributor to military weather operations.
Historical Facts
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World War II Origins: The 55th Weather Squadron traces its roots to the 655th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy), activated in 1944, before being redesignated as a weather reconnaissance unit.
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Strategic Reconnaissance Role: Throughout much of the Cold War, the squadron played a critical role in collecting meteorological data over the Arctic and Soviet Union, supporting strategic bomber operations.
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“Hurricane Hunters”: The squadron was renowned for flying into hurricanes and typhoons to collect vital weather data, enhancing forecast accuracy and saving countless lives.
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Global Reach: The 55th Weather Squadron operated flights in the Atlantic, Pacific, Europe, and the Far East, making it one of the most widely deployed weather units in the U.S. Air Force.
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WB-29, WB-50, and WC-135 Aircraft: The squadron flew several specialized aircraft, including the WB-29 Superfortress, WB-50, and later the WC-135 Constant Phoenix, equipped for high-altitude and long-range weather reconnaissance.
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Support for Nuclear Test Monitoring: The squadron’s aircraft were used to monitor atmospheric nuclear tests, collecting radioactive samples and weather data critical for test analysis.
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Vietnam War Contributions: During the Vietnam War, the 55th Weather Squadron supported combat operations by providing vital weather intelligence for air missions and search and rescue operations.
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Base Assignments: The squadron was based at several key locations, including McClellan Air Force Base (California), Guam, and McChord Air Force Base (Washington), reflecting its global mission.
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Deactivation: The 55th Weather Squadron was inactivated in 1993, as advancements in satellite weather technology reduced the need for manned weather reconnaissance flights.
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Legacy and Honors: The squadron earned multiple Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards and its legacy continues through the missions of successor weather and reconnaissance units in today’s Air Force.
