5th Army Infantry

• Formation Era: The 5th Army Infantry, also known as the Fifth United States Army, was activated during World War II on January 5, 1943, under the command of Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark. • Italian Campaign: The 5th Army played a pivotal role in the Allied invasion of Italy, being the first American field army to fight on the European mainland during World War II. • Salerno Landings: On September 9, 1943, the 5th Army spearheaded Operation Avalanche, the Allied landings at Salerno, facing fierce German resistance and nearly being pushed back into the sea. • Multi-National Force: The 5th Army was unique in that it included American, British, French, and Italian units, making it one of the most diverse Allied commands in World War II. • Capture of Rome: Soldiers from the 5th Army were the first Allied troops to enter and liberate Rome on June 4, 1944, two days before the D-Day Normandy landings. • Mountain Warfare: The 5th Army became renowned for its grueling campaigns through the rugged Apennine Mountains, including the bitter battles at Monte Cassino and the Gothic Line. • Postwar Role: After World War II, the 5th Army was headquartered in Chicago and was responsible for the defense of the central United States during the Cold War. • Humanitarian Efforts: In addition to combat operations, the 5th Army conducted significant humanitarian and civil affairs missions in liberated Italian territories. • Deactivation and Reactivation: The 5th Army was deactivated in 1971, but its lineage continues today through United States Army North (USARNORTH), which inherited its flag and traditions. • Legacy of Valor: Numerous Medal of Honor recipients served with the 5th Army during World War II, and its campaigns are studied in military academies for their innovation in combined arms and coalition warfare.